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Space makes case in
youth education
By: Thea Skinner,
21st Space Wing Public Affairs staff writer
U.S. Air Force
As the new school year
approaches, new educational opportunities are becoming available to area
students.
Education is a crucial element of the 21st Space Wing's installation support
mission, and one of the Peterson initiatives is the addition of a full-time
school liaison education specialist.
"Leadership recognizes the importance of a quality and positive educational
experience for our children, and we believe that it is our duty to partner
with parents and advocate for our children's needs," said Col. Emily Buckman,
21st Mission Support Group commander.
Peterson Air Force Base leadership has developed a close working
relationship with Colorado Springs School District 11, said Colonel Buckman,
who is also the Peterson school liaison officer. "We have encouraged the
district in its efforts to improve many of its processes - to include care
for special needs children, raising CSAP scores, and developing advanced and
alternative learning opportunities."
Some of the fruit from the D-11 and Peterson relationship is bearing
includes a new space academy.
Held through a network of community educational leaders throughout the Pikes
Peak region, local youth now have access to space and engineering
educational career paths. From the new Colorado Springs School District 11
Jack Swigert Aerospace Academy to a possible aerospace-themed curriculum at
the base museum, the options provide choice for students and parents alike.
The JSA Academy is a middle school, located in the former Emerson Middle
School at 4220 E. Pikes Peak Ave. This academy is one of several educational
paths available to fifth through eighth grade students that will incorporate
a space-related curriculum designed to drive proficiency in science,
technology, engineering and mathematics. The Space Foundation, an
international nonprofit organization and space industry advocate, will
provide an on-site curriculum focused on rocketry principles, astronomy,
earth systems science, and principles of flight.
Many opportunities abound and the district is seeking about 500 students to
attend the academy, said Tom Strand, the district's school board vice
president.
According to the U.S. Department of Education Impact Aid program, out of
29,842 enrolled students in the district, 2,351 students were military
dependants in the 2007-2008 school year.
"We have had great relationships and ongoing conversations with leadership
at Peterson for about eight years," said Elaine Naleski, the district's
communications director. "We offer a district-wide program as a response to
intervention - a customized individual learning plan for each student."
The learning plans are offered at all the district's schools. For instance,
when a child struggles with math a mentor is embedded into the classroom
with the child as a form of intervention. The intervention allows the child
to continue on a path of increased student learning.
"A team will diagnose and prescribe a learning need - it is occurring all
throughout the school day," she said. "Let's say your child is gifted, same
thing - what can we do to keep him challenged and not get bored."
Youth who attend the Swigert academy and Christa McAuliffe Elementary
generally continue their educational career path at Mitchell High School,
which plans to add an additional aerospace curriculum. The high school is
already home to a JROTC program.
Classes such as geometry and construction at Mitchell provide students with
a skill set, in which students learn to build and sell a house.
"We are trying to get them (youth) to explore their passion," said Mike
Poore, district deputy superintendent, Educational Support Services. "They
design skateboard parks - there are all these things you can engage them in
by using their skill sets."
Lisa Ballard is the Airman and Family Readiness Center Military Child
Education coordinator at Peterson. Ballard interfaces with the Peterson
community and all regional school districts.
In keeping with the 21st Space Wing priority to develop and care for Airmen
and their families, Peterson educational leaders are considering developing
a similar aerospace educational class on base.
"One direction we are hoping to go in, is developing an aerospace-themed
curriculum at our base museum to expose children to the science and
technology fields," Ms. Ballard said "We've also had a successful tutoring
program for K-12 children of deployed members and will continue this during
the next school year."
The curriculum is designed to provide more options to parents.
"Whether classes are held at the base museum, or eventually are part of the
curriculum of an on-base school, parents and students will have more options
available to them," she said. "A more integrated community feeling will be
established. Of course, D-11 students who are not affiliated with the U.S.
Air Force will gain more exposure and insight to life on an Air Force
installation - great for recruiting future leaders in the aerospace
industry.
"We are certainly in the information-gathering stage and will be working
closely with parents and hosting forums to determine exactly what issues our
families face. We strongly encourage parents to voice their concerns," Ms.
Ballard said.
In 2010 the district will offer an online curriculum with virtual classrooms
for kindergarteners through eighth graders. The district also offers a
charter school called Life Skills Center of Colorado Springs, and two
alternative high schools for youth with jobs, behavioral issues, or in need
of child care services.
To address concerns or issues with any schools contact Ms. Ballard at
556-6141 or lisa.ballard@peterson.af.mil.
The district's school registration deadline is July 31 and the District 11
school year begins Aug. 18.
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Celebrate the 10th Anniversary of World Space Week,
October 4-10, 2009

This October 4-10, the world will have a very special
celebration of the contributions of space to humankind. It will be the 10th
celebration of UN-declared World Space Week.
(Media-Newswire.com) - This October 4-10, the world will have
a very special celebration of the contributions of space to humankind. It
will be the 10th celebration of UN-declared World Space Week.
You are invited to amplify your outreach by participating in the largest
public space event on Earth. World Space Week is the best time every year to
get your space-related messages to the public, students, teachers,
employees, government, the media, and other audiences.
To participate, simply schedule space-related programs during October 4-10,
promote them as part of World Space Week, and enter them in the global
calendar. In doing so, you would join organizations in over 60 nations. With
each new event, all participants benefit from the increased global attention
to space that week.
In 2009, World Space Week has a special focus on youth. With the theme
"Space for Education," participants are encouraged to inspire the next
generation using the excitement of space, and educate the educators about
the value of space in the classroom.
Designed by noted space artist Pat Rawlings of SAIC, the World Space Week
2009 poster captures the powerful inspiration of space on children.
You can help deliver this important message by putting this year's poster in
classrooms by October 4. Teachers, parents, and community-minded
organizations can order the poster and can also download free World Space
Week teacher guides.
World Space Week National Coordinators can receive free copies of the poster
thanks to a grant from the United Nations Office of Outer Space Affairs.
The poster is imprinted in the 6 official UN languages. The artwork without
text is also available for use where other languages are spoken.
Click
here to learn more.
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Computing Climate Change: Just the
Tip of the Iceberg
By:
Phillip M. Dickens, Ph.D
Calculating the impact of environmental changes on the world is a complex
assignment that must consider myriad variables spanning ocean, air and
earth, and nearly everything that comes into contact with them. My team at
the University of Maine’s Computer Science Department is focusing on one
small piece of the puzzle — climate change. While most scientists conceal
research findings until their work is published, we see enormous potential
in sharing findings, especially when it comes to climate change. Our team is
developing Maine’s first scientific grid portal that will execute
climate-change models and provide high-resolution visualizations of output
data in real time for use by researchers as well as students and educators
in the state’s public school system.
Research in a small power envelope
Distilling complex global warming research down for students’ desktop
computers requires a large, high-productivity computing (HPC) system that is
powerful enough to create simulations of ice sheets, animations and other
visual information in real time — all while making the research results easy
to interpret, whether the ‘student’ is a Ph.D. or a fifth grader. More
importantly, the scientific knowledge gleaned from large-scale climate
models is directly related to the resolution of the models, and higher
resolution models require more computing power. Thus, in designing the
portal, we required an HPC system that could deliver enough compute power to
satisfy complex problems, but that also would require little space and
electricity from the university’s limited resources.
Often, high-powered HPC systems require special housing equipped with
advanced cooling systems because they tend to run hot. Unfortunately, even
small computing clusters require more power than was available within the
department’s power envelope. In fact, installing additional air conditioners
in the laboratory was banned due to the strain they would put on the
existing electrical system. Moreover, constructing a separate data center to
house the HPC system would have proven too costly.
HPC for climate change simulations
Complex climate change modeling requires an HPC system with many nodes, but
with minimal switches to interconnect each node to minimize message-passing
costs. This means that, if our team opted for a conventional HPC system, we
faced a potential trade-off between computing power and a fast
interconnection network due to capital and energy constraints.
Based
on research during the acquisition process, as well as evaluation of the
success of machines installed at Argonne National Laboratory, our team
ultimately selected two HPC systems. The first is a 72-core desktop system
that is used for code development. The other is equipped with four boards
and features 27 nodes per board. Each node shares four gigabytes of memory
between six cores, each of which operates at a speed of 733 MHz. The
interconnection fabric is extremely fast with an approximate two microsecond
message-passing delay between nodes. These systems were selected based on
their performance in:
• HPC power and productivity: The two machines deliver ample HPC power and
productivity using minimal space and electricity to run the complex
simulations within the existing space of the lab. Between the two systems,
we are able to achieve 720 core processors running at 733 MHz for a
theoretical maximum of 979 gigaflops per second. Moreover, housing the
computers in close proximity within the Computer Science Laboratory — as
opposed to being located in a separate data center — helps to boost
productivity, while delivering the needed computing power at the lowest
purchase and operating costs.
• Ease of installation: The machines’ compact design — with a
self-contained, single cabinet and single plug system — was an important
factor in fitting the high-productivity system within our existing, small
physical footprint. In fact, recently, when I was asked how much preparation
was required before installing the systems directly into the lab, my
response was “I think we had to sweep the floor first.” Energy efficiency:
Energy consumption also was considered. Like many computer scientists, we
are continually searching for new ways to reduce the amount of energy it
takes to operate the systems. Traditional HPC systems require vast amounts
of electricity to run, and often require an equal amount to keep cool,
resulting in electricity bills that quickly outpace the initial cost of the
computer itself. The selected machines achieve the highest level of energy
efficiency available in an HPC system, and their power requirements are low
enough that no updates were needed to the existing electrical system in our
department’s antiquated lab space.
Accessing the grid
Climate change research requires a multidisciplinary approach, including
physicists, computer scientists, network specialists and computational
scientists. In using the new system, our computer science researchers are
embracing the general trend of a grid model in HPC, where virtual
organizations can cooperate even when they are geographically distributed.
Research initiatives, such as this University of Maine project, enable
collaboration throughout disciplines and locations. The grid portal will
give users the opportunity to experiment with environmental parameters and
to receive immediate feedback through real-time animations on the impact of
these changes.
Our team’s vision is that students and powerful research groups alike will
ultimately use the research and tools available through the grid portal,
which can be accessed over the state’s high performance optical network. We
are trying to make some of our research available to the public, and are
designing a special interface so it can be accessed by the public and
students in K-12. Of course, the project not only addresses the needs of
researchers and grade school students; it also presents enormous learning
opportunities for the department’s undergraduate students. Funded through a
research grant provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the grid
will give University of Maine students dual learning experience in research
and supercomputing, as well as experience with team collaboration —
classroom and real-world experiences that will prepare them for a wide
spectrum of future careers.
Research collaboration
When it launches this fall, the grid will enable collaborating scientists to
both use and access data, as evidenced by a planned partnership between our
University of Maine research team and the Jackson Laboratory, a leading
genetics research center that is immersed in highly intensive applications.
Researchers at Jackson Laboratory will be able to upload data to University
of Maine systems for processing, and the supercomputers will then compute
the models and send back the visual renderings of the lab’s data — a true
collaboration in solving large problems and a first for the state of Maine.
This technology makes it possible to solve problems that are too large to
execute at either facility alone by distributing the task across both the
University of Maine system and the Jackson Lab cluster so that they can
execute the task concurrently.
Similarly, a future interface will enable climate change researchers to
remotely input their own data in existing climate change models, such as the
University of Maine Ice Sheet Model (UMISM), which was developed by
physicist James Fastook to very quickly execute high-resolution models of a
piece of the Antarctic ice sheet. The original version of the model, which
looks at all variables that affect behavior and cause change in the ice
sheet, was running on a Mac Pro. In order to obtain higher resolution, the
model will be spread out over many processors on the new system. This
parallelization will produce much finer resolution and allow real-time
animation of the output of the model. With these interactive simulation
capabilities, researchers will be able to create and make adjustments to
steer the simulation as the model is running, providing immediate feedback
on the effect of the changes.
Future expansion will allow more scientists to run their work on the portal,
including the University of Maine’s Climate Change Institute, an
interdisciplinary research unit organized to conduct world-class research,
graduate education and environmental outreach focused on the variability of
Earth’s climate system, as well as on the interaction between humans and the
natural world. Ultimately, as more of the state’s research facilities join
the grid portal, it will have the computing power and expertise to solve
problems of national and global significance.
Conclusion
Going forward, the team plans to work closely with other scientists to
parallelize their code so they can take advantage of the opportunities the
grid provides, as well as significantly increase the models made available
through the portal. The project also will provide functions to other
scientific modelers so they can utilize University of Maine code to work on
the system through remote visualization and still interact and receive
images as their model is executing. Other challenges, such as those
presented by multiple simultaneous users running independent versions of the
model at the same time, will be tackled as well.
Acknowledgements
Dr. Dickens’ research is funded by Grants 0702748, 0723093, and 0737870 from
the National Science Foundation.
References
1. Lang, O., Rabus, B., and Dech, S. (2004). Velocity map of the Thwaites
Glacier catchment, West Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology, 50(168).
2. Rignot, E., R.H. Thomas, P. Kanagaratnam, G. Casassa, E. Frederick, P.
Gogineni, W. Krabill, A. Rivera, R. Russell, J. Sonntag, R. Swift, and J.
Yungel, Improved estimate of the mass balance of glaciers draining into the
Amundsen Sea of West Antarctica from CECS/NASA 2002 campaign, Annals of
Glaciology, 39, 231-237, 2004.
Phillip Dickens is an assistant professor of
computer science at the University of Maine. He may be reached at editor@ScientificComputing.com.
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Science remains
driving force of space exploration
by
Ken Newton
StJoeNews.net

No man ever looked so heroic stepping off a ladder.
Neil Armstrong remains a fixture of collective memory and
imagination, an American in bulky gear frozen forever in murky black and
white.
His words, with electronic crackle from roughly 238,000
miles overhead, have the staying power of that visual. Few denied, among the
half-billion people watching on television worldwide, it was “a giant leap
for mankind.”
The first moon landing, with Mr. Armstrong’s historic
descent onto a surface not Earth, happened 40 years ago on Monday. Just 66
years after man achieved powered flight, astronauts rode a rocket to another
world and radioed back to tell about it.
Citizens of the world leaned their heads back and let
their jaws drop.
“It gave me sort of a sense of pride that human beings
could accomplish something so seemingly impossible,” said Dr. Christopher
Godfrey, who teaches physics at Missouri Western State University. “It gave
you confidence in the future of what could be done.”
For Americans, the achievement proved a particular
triumph. The nation remained mired in Vietnam. The 1960s had long before
spun out of control, with civil unrest, Cold War tensions and political
assassinations.
Yet here arrived a challenge fulfilled, a goal met to
reach the moon before decade’s end. Americans accomplished this through a
union of sciences and engineering and gumption. Our side crossed the finish
line first, a chest-beating win in the race started by the ideologically
wayward Soviets.
“Can-do” became the operative description of a nation. And
there was some sci-fi adventure thrown in for good measure.
Then, the adventure subsided. The space agency NASA wanted
to make its flights routine, and it did so. American attention strayed.
Twelve men would walk on the moon, the last in 1972. In the years since, no
manned vehicle has strayed beyond Earth’s orbit.
A space program mishap refocuses people occasionally. But
a shuttle full of U.S. astronauts circles the planet this weekend after a
launch on Wednesday, and a small percentage of Americans know or care.
“We’ve become numb to some of that,” conceded Jay Meyers,
the St. Joseph School District’s secondary science coordinator.
Focus on science
Science in the post-Sputnik days focused on a mission,
that of discovery but also succeeding ahead of an adversary. Today, Mr.
Meyers said, science education includes a technical application.
The monumental achievement of the moon landing, he said,
was the bringing together of so many disciplines ... physics and astronomy,
chemistry and biology, engineering and mathematics. An academic upsurge in
those areas followed.
“We do science for a wide number of reasons,” Mr. Meyers
said, “but one of them is to make our lives better.”
Dr. John Shaw, who teaches physics at Northwest Missouri
State University, grew as a space-race kid, smuggling a transistor radio
into his grade school classroom to listen to Alan Shepard’s flight in a
Mercury capsule.
While space flight impacted his life and others of his
generation, the broader influence was short-lived. He noted that American
doctoral degrees awarded in physics peaked in 1973, and engineering
bachelor’s degrees amount to 5 percent or less of the nation’s undergraduate
total. In some nations, 30 percent of graduates get engineering degrees.
“As someone with an intense interest in science, I’m not
sure why it has become so unfashionable,” Dr. Shaw said.
Science
remains the driving force of the space program, according to James Bangerter,
who followed a path from St. Joseph to NASA.
A manager in communications network integration at the
Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, Mr. Bangerter says the motivation
of space exploration is as old as ancient man’s desire to see over the top
of the next hill. It remains essential to human nature.
“We explore, we experiment, we discover, in ways no one
else can,” the Central High School graduate said. “Science and discovery is
what NASA does best.”
Mr. Bangerter said all NASA employees involved in human
space flight missions understand the history of manned programs. He said the
lessons of Mercury and Apollo carry forward to all agency endeavors,
including the Constellation program that will follow the space shuttle
accomplishments.
“(Constellation) borrows a great deal of its mission
concepts from the Apollo program, integrating the best of the past with the
best of the present,” he said.
Cooper Snapp, a Benton High School graduate who has
settled into a NASA career, regards the agency’s science as a good
investment of taxpayer dollars.
“It is very hard to pick up an issue of Popular Science
and not see how a NASA spinoff is helping society,” he said.
An engineer and a manager in NASA’s development of
spacecraft thermal protection, Mr. Snapp said the agency’s goals to return
to the moon and explore other planets should capture the imagination of
young people and advance the nation’s understanding of energy sources such
as nuclear and solar.
He admits, though, that not everyone has a sense of NASA’s
history. When Mr. Snapp moved from Florida to Houston, he encountered Apollo
13 commander Jim Lovell in the NASA badging office. The young woman making
the badges failed to recognize the former astronaut.
“He commented, ‘Come on, I was the guy that Tom Hanks
played in the movie,’” Mr. Snapp recalled.
Still an interest
While young people may not hold the fascination with space
travel like they did at the time of the moon landing, they remain interested
in the stars. Jerry Wilkerson directs shows at Missouri Western’s Bushman
Planetarium, about 35 a year for elementary students.
The kids always stay afterward and ask questions about the
solar system.
“It’s kind of human nature to be interested in what’s up
there,” he said.
Janet Fite, a St. Joseph teacher for more than 30 years,
watched the moon landing from her Savannah home with a father entranced by
rocketry. They were always launching something.
With a laugh, she recalls one occasion of having to stay
with her grandparents when a rocket fuel incident smelled up their house.
“If you’ve ever seen the movie ‘October Sky,’ that was my
life,” she said.
A recipient of fellowships to study at NASA facilities,
Ms. Fite works to pass along her knowledge of space to young people. This
extends to evenings outdoors with her grandchildren, eyes upward to study
the heavens.
She remains heartened by their interest.
“I guess the whole idea is that there is so much out there
we don’t know,” the educator said. “If we don’t explore, then we’ve lost
that opportunity.”
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Help Wanted: Be a NOAA National
Weather Service Storm Spotter
NOAA's National Weather
Service meteorologists across the country could
use a hand — or more precisely extra eyes — to help them produce the most
accurate weather information possible. If you are fascinated by weather, you
have the opportunity to become a trained volunteer
SKYWARN® storm spotter for
your local weather forecast office.
Your Eyes on the Skies
Storm spotters provide valuable information on all types
of weather hazards to meteorologists in their local National Weather Service
forecast offices. Meteorologists use this information, especially when it
comes to severe storms, to create a more complete picture of area weather
conditions.
The SKYWARN program helps improve the timeliness and
accuracy of weather warnings. When coupled with Doppler radar imagery,
satellite and other data, reports from storm spotters help forecasters know
exactly what is happening on the ground with rapidly developing storms.
“The more lead time we can provide with our warnings, the
more time people have to take cover from life-threatening storms,” says
Christopher Maier, who oversees the national SKYWARN program.
Training in Your Area
You can take storm spotter training through your local
weather forecast office. Classes are free and each last about two hours.
Covered topics include thunderstorm development, storm structure, severe
weather features, weather reporting, and weather safety.
To find out when classes are offered in your area, contact
your
local weather forecast office.

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